Birth Control and Birth Control Medications
Birth control is a range of methods used to prevent pregnancy. These methods can include hormonal birth control pills, intrauterine devices (IUDs), barrier methods like condoms or diaphragms, and surgical procedures like tubal ligation or vasectomy. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and it is important to speak with a healthcare provider to determine the best option for your individual needs.
Birth control medications, commonly referred to as "the pill," are a type of hormonal birth control that contains synthetic versions of estrogen and progesterone. These hormones prevent ovulation, thicken cervical mucus to block sperm from entering the uterus, and thin the lining of the uterus to prevent implantation of a fertilized egg. While these medications are primarily used to prevent pregnancy, they can also be used to treat conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis.
Medications for Birth Control
Birth control medications are a reliable way to prevent pregnancy. They are available in various forms, such as pills, patches, injections, and intrauterine devices (IUDs). Each type has different advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on individual preference and medical history.
Birth Control Pills
Birth control pills are one of the most popular forms of contraception. They contain synthetic hormones that prevent pregnancy by stopping ovulation. There are two types of birth control pills: combination pills, which contain both estrogen and progestin, and progestin-only pills. Combination pills are 99% effective when taken correctly, while progestin-only pills are slightly less effective. Some common brands of birth control pills include Yaz, Ortho Tri-Cyclen, and Loestrin.
Birth Control Patches
Birth control patches are a form of transdermal contraception. They work by releasing synthetic hormones through the skin, which prevent ovulation. The patch is changed once a week for three weeks, followed by a patch-free week. Some common brands of birth control patches include Xulane and Ortho Evra.
Birth Control Injections
Birth control injections, also known as Depo-Provera, are an injectable form of contraception. They contain synthetic progestin, which is slowly released into the bloodstream over a period of three months. The injection is given every 12 weeks and is 99% effective when used correctly.
Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)
IUDs are a long-acting, reversible form of contraception that are inserted into the uterus by a healthcare provider. They are highly effective, with less than 1% of women becoming pregnant while using an IUD. There are two types of IUDs: copper IUDs and hormonal IUDs. Copper IUDs work by releasing copper, which is toxic to sperm. Hormonal IUDs release synthetic hormones, which prevent ovulation and thicken cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg. Some common brands of IUDs include Mirena, Skyla, and Paragard.
Emergency Contraception
Emergency contraception, also known as the morning-after pill, is a form of contraception that can be used after unprotected sex to prevent pregnancy. There are two types of emergency contraception: pills and copper IUDs. The pill must be taken within 72 hours of unprotected sex and is more effective the sooner it is taken. The copper IUD can be inserted up to five days after unprotected sex and is the most effective form of emergency contraception.
It is important to discuss with a healthcare provider the best form of birth control for an individual's needs and medical history. Birth control medications are highly effective when used correctly, but they do not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
Information provided by Dr. Rachel Prawer. Reviewed by Nerissa Bentley
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