Utilized to manage retroviral replication to support immune preservation and target viral protein assembly.
Mechanism of Action
Lopinavir blocks the HIV protease enzyme, preventing cleavage of polyproteins, while ritonavir acts as a pharmacokinetic enhancer.
Route of Administration
Oral
Onset Time
2–4 weeks
Duration
12 hours
Contraindications
Concurrent use of highly CYP3A-dependent drugs, Severe hepatic impairment
Severe Adverse Events
Severe pancreatitis — requires immediate medical attention, QT prolongation — requires immediate medical attention, Hepatotoxicity — requires immediate medical attention
Common Side Effects
Diarrhea, Nausea, Headache
Uncommon Side Effects
Hyperlipidemia, Vomiting, Abdominal pain
Drug Interactions
Rifampin, Simvastatin, St. John's Wort
Pregnancy Safety Warnings
TGA Category C: Generally safe; standard part of antiretroviral regimens. Breastfeeding: Not recommended in HIV-positive patients.
Age Restrictions
Approved for pediatric patients over fourteen days of age and adults.
Information related to Kaletra is compiled and periodically reviewed with reference to established medical sources and prescribing guidance. Content is provided for general reference and should be confirmed with a registered healthcare professional before use.
